Back to Work Public Safety

Synthesizing Aerial Telemetry into Mission-Critical Dispatch Operations

A unified command interface integrating real-time drone intelligence with ground operations to enhance situational awareness for emergency responders.

Role Lead Researcher & Designer
Timeline May 2025 - May 2026
Methods Contextual Inquiry, Semi-Structured Interviews, Ride-Alongs, Affinity Mapping, Journey Mapping, Persona Development, Task Analysis, Competitive Analysis, Literature Review, Information Architecture, Storyboarding, Low-Fi Prototyping, High-Fi Prototyping, Usability Testing, Iterative Design
Tech Stack Leaflet.js, D3, HTML/CSS
OVERWATCH Dashboard Interface

What should a drone-integrated dispatch system look like?

Police departments are increasingly deploying drones for situational awareness during active incidents. But the aerial intelligence these drones capture often fails to reach dispatchers in real-time because it exists in separate systems operated by specialized drone pilots.

My thesis explores how to synthesize multiple telemetry streams, including live drone feeds, officer positions, and incident data, into a unified interface that enhances rather than overwhelms dispatcher decision-making.

"How do I consolidate fragmented information streams into a single pane of glass that enhances situational awareness without increasing cognitive load?"

Managing Information Overload in High-Stakes Response

Police dispatchers coordinate officer response while managing overwhelming streams of incoming information: 911 calls, CAD system updates, radio communications, and incident notes. When drones capture aerial footage during active incidents, that critical intelligence often remains siloed.

30+
Officer interviews conducted
17
Officer ride-alongs
6
Critical workflow themes
4
Primary personas

Understanding Dispatch Operations Through Contextual Inquiry

I conducted semi-structured interviews with 30+ personnel across seven agencies, including Atlanta PD, Georgia Tech PD, and Georgia State Patrol, and completed 17 officer ride-along observations to understand current workflows, pain points, and information needs during active incidents.

Research Methods

  • Semi-structured Interviews: 30+ officers across patrol, dispatch, and drone operations
  • Contextual Inquiry: 17 ride-alongs observing officer operations in real-time
  • Affinity Mapping: Synthesized 120+ data points into 6 critical themes
  • Journey Mapping: Documented information flow during multi-unit responses

Key Insights

Insight 01

Fragmentation Over Volume

Dispatchers experienced cognitive overload not from the volume of information, but from its fragmentation across multiple systems. Consolidation was the design opportunity.

Insight 02

Trust in Aerial Perspective

Officers expressed high trust in drone footage for situational awareness but frustration that it rarely reached dispatchers who could coordinate response.

Insight 03

Priority Triage is Mental

Dispatchers maintain priority rankings mentally rather than in any system. Visual priority indicators could reduce cognitive burden.

How I Got There: Research Artifacts

Affinity mapping visualization
Affinity map: 120+ data points synthesized into 6 themes
Dispatch operations journey mapping
Dispatcher journey map: information flow during incident response
Police officer journey mapping
Officer journey map: field response and communication touchpoints

OVERWATCH: A Unified Interface for Situational Awareness

OVERWATCH creates a single pane of glass where dispatchers see live drone feeds, interactive mapping with officer positions, and AI-assisted query capabilities. The system automatically prioritizes incidents by severity.

Information Hierarchy: Single Pane of Glass

OVERWATCH interface with labeled sections
Three-column interface: Calls for Service and Incident Summary (left) | Suspect Details and Activity (center) | Map and Drone feed (right).

Live Drone Feed Integration

Real-time aerial footage with officer position overlay and automated suspect tracking.

Interactive Mapping

Leaflet.js-powered map showing real-time officer positions and incident locations.

AI Query Interface

Natural language queries to surface incident history and officer availability.

Priority Escalation

Color-coded alerts with automated severity assessment and escalation workflows.

Interface Architecture

OVERWATCH is a three-column dashboard built for officers operating in high-stress, time-critical scenarios. Each panel serves a distinct operational purpose, and their placement reflects how officers naturally scan for information during active incidents. Use the arrows below to explore each component.

Login Screen

The session begins with operator identification. This screen gates access and ties all subsequent actions to a named officer for audit trails and research logging.

OVERWATCH login screen with operator identification
Operator identification screen with session start button

Operational Workflow

  • Officer enters their name before the session starts
  • All interactions are logged and associated with this identifier
  • Session data can be exported for after-action review

Design Decisions

  • Single required field reduces friction at shift start
  • Blue accent border signals system readiness
  • Research disclosure is upfront and transparent

Example: Officer Martinez begins her shift by entering her name. The system logs her session start time (08:00) and will attribute all notes, queries, and status changes to her badge for the supervisor's shift report.

Design System

A dark, utilitarian interface system built for high-stakes dispatch environments. Every decision optimizes for rapid threat scanning, night-shift legibility, and zero ambiguity under stress. No decorative elements, no sci-fi chrome.

Color System

Dark backgrounds reduce eye strain during 12-hour shifts. Priority colors are WCAG AA compliant and distinguishable for colorblind operators.

Background Surfaces

--bg-input

--bg-primary

--bg-panel

Priority Colors

Critical

Warning

Action

Resolved

Typography

Helvetica Neue throughout the interface. Clean, legible, and optimized for rapid scanning under stress.

Display / Helvetica Neue Bold

OVERWATCH

Body / Helvetica Neue Regular

Unit 42 responding to 10-50 at North Ave. ETA 3 min.

Data / Helvetica Neue Medium

CFS-2024-0847 | 14:32:07 | 10-50PI

Critical Choices and Trade-offs

The design process involved several key decisions that balanced dispatcher needs with technical constraints and organizational realities.

Information Hierarchy

The primary challenge was determining what information deserves screen real estate. Through iterative testing with dispatch staff, I established a hierarchy: active incident list (left), map with positions (center), drone feed (right when active).

Alert Escalation Logic

I designed a three-tier alert system: Priority 1 (red) for immediate threats, Priority 2 (yellow) for developing situations, and Priority 3 (blue) for routine calls. The system automatically suggests drone deployment for Priority 1 incidents.

Priority States: Color-Coded Response System

Priority 1

Immediate Threat (Red)

Auto-triggers drone deployment, escalates to supervisor

Priority 2

Developing Situation (Yellow)

Monitored status, drone available on request

Priority 3

Routine Call (Blue)

Standard dispatch, no aerial support needed

Resolved

Closed Incident (Gray)

Archived for reporting and analysis

Research Impact and Next Steps

This thesis work informs future police-drone integration research and contributes to HCI best practices for emergency response systems.

6
Design recommendations produced
17
Officer ride-alongs conducted
30+
Officer interviews completed
2026
Defense/public safety impact planned

What I Learned

  • Domain Expertise Takes Time

    Understanding dispatch operations required significant immersion. The ride-alongs were invaluable for understanding the rhythm and pressure of the work in ways interviews couldn't capture.

  • Consolidation Over Addition

    The instinct is to add features. The insight from research was that dispatchers needed fewer systems with better integration, not new capabilities.

  • High-Stakes Design is Different

    Designing for emergency response has no room for error or confusion. Every interaction must be immediately clear under stress. This discipline improved my work across all domains.